abstract：:T cells play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of most autoimmune disorders. However, target antigens and pathomechanisms leading to human autoimmune diseases are still largely unknown. Cross-recognition of T cells between self and foreign antigens has been considered as a driving force in generating autoimmunity. He...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Zhou D,Hemmer B

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Autoimmunity is fundamentally a continuously evolving process. The autoimmune responses shift, drift and diversify with time not only to other epitopes in the original antigen but also to other related and sometimes to unrelated antigens. We have described a form of immune diversification--reciprocal T-B epitope sprea...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Singh RR

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Peptide gpMBP72-85, containing amino acids 72-85 of guinea pig myelin basic protein is commonly used to induce experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in Lewis rats. The N-terminal glutamine in this peptide can cyclize to pyroglutamic acid, leading to loss of the first MHC anchor for binding to MHC class II. Acetyla...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： de Haan EC,Wauben MH,Wagenaar-Hilbers JP,Grosfeld-Stulemeyer MC,Rijkers DT,Moret EE,Liskamp RM

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The murine pre-B cell line R2-bfl, which can be induced to differentiate in vitro, was used to study germline transcription of variable regions of the light chain loci. RNA from these cells was subjected to a 3'-RACE and germline transcripts from 17 individual Vkappa gene segments belonging to 12 Vkappa families were ...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Düber S,Engel H,Rolink A,Kretschmer K,Weiss S

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bcl-2 translocations in follicular lymphomas (FL) are often associated with downstream immunoglobulin class switch recombination (CSR) on the translocated allele. We studied cell lines with different translocations into the IgH locus to gauge any common features associated with downstream CSR events. CSR associated wi...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Hughes JA,Weckert HA,van Holst Pellekaan C,Benson EM,Dunn IS

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evidence for the central role that intestinal beta-defensins play in maintaining gut health continues to accumulate within the literature. Two epithelially-derived enteric beta-defensins, hBD1 and hBD2, have been identified thus far and the following chapter reviews our current understanding of how the expression and ...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： O'Neil DA

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The complement system is very tightly regulated by fluid-phase and membrane-bound factors that prevent injury to self-tissues. The study of genetically engineered animals with targeted deletion or gain of function mutations has highlighted the important role that many of the complement inhibitors play in vivo. The adv...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Turnberg D,Botto M

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recombinant IL-2 (rIL-2) produced in prokaryotes, is widely used in lieu of native IL-2, which is secreted by T cells, to assess the functional profile of this cytokine. We provide evidence that a naturally occurring species of post-translationally modified IL-2 (moIL-2) exhibits enhanced bioactivity compared to rIL-2...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Denis MC,Huber BT

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Previous studies have suggested the importance of somatic mutations and arginine, asparagine and lysine residues in the complementarity determining regions (CDRs) of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) implicated in the pathogenesis of the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. The relative contributions of the...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Giles IP,Haley J,Nagl S,Latchman DS,Chen PP,Chukwuocha RU,Isenberg DA,Rahman A

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human leukocyte antigens (HLA) allele determination is becoming an increasingly important aspect in the field of transplantation as well as in the area of HLA association with a number of diseases. Through Lebanon's history, this country, situated at a crossroads between Europe, Asia and Africa, has been a host for va...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Samaha H,Rahal EA,Abou-Jaoude M,Younes M,Dacchache J,Hakime N

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mice deficient for SPI-group ETS transcription factors PU.1 or SPI-B fail to generate lymphocytes or do not mount normal antibody mediated immune responses, respectively. PU.1 expression is restricted to B-, T-lymphocytes and macrophages, while SPI-B is expressed in B- and T-lymphocytes. SPI-C is an ETS transcription ...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Carlsson R,Persson C,Leanderson T

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Humanization of monoclonal antibodies by complementary determinant region (CDR)-grafting has become a standard procedure to improve the clinical usage of animal antibodies. However, antibody humanization may result in loss of activity that has been attributed to structural constraints in the framework structure. In th...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Caldas C,Coelho V,Kalil J,Moro AM,Maranhão AQ,Brígido MM

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the antibody (Ab) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses to gene gun (GG)-mediated DNA immunization via the intramuscular (i.m.) and intradermal (i.d.) routes. BALB/c mice were immunized five times at weekly intervals with plasmid DNA encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). EGFP product...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Ito K,Ito K,Shinohara N,Kato S

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In most cases, cytotoxic T cell activation is dependent on the interaction of the T cell receptor (TCR) and CD8 with MHC class I molecules. In the CD8(+) T cell system based on the mouse cytotoxic T cell clone 2C, recognition of the allogeneic MHC L(d) exhibits a less significant role for CD8 than recognition of the s...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Lee PU,Kranz DM

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Following measles virus (MV) infection, viral peptides are presented to CTL by MHC class I molecules on infected antigen presenting cells at widely different epitope densities. Whereas three MV epitopes (MV-M(211-219), MV-F(438-446) and MV-H(30-38)) derived from different structural proteins occur at regular densities...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Herberts CA,Meiring HM,van Gaans-van den Brink JA,van der Heeft E,Poelen MC,Boog CJ,de Jong AP,van Els CA

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Signal transduction by the B cell receptor (BCR) is an absolute requirement for the selection and development of B lymphocytes at multiple checkpoints. Binding to antigen via the BCR is complemented by a co-stimulus delivered through accessory and co-stimulatory cell surface molecules that regulate the signalling thre...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Galloway TS,Ray K,Malhotra R

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dendritic cells (DC) are capable of capturing and processing antigens and can stimulate co-cultured effector cells in a specific manner. Here, we pulsed DC with apoptotic bodies (apb) from colorectal carcinoma. For enhancement of the immunogenic potential of apb, we transduced the tumor cells with the MHC class II gen...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Märten A,Renoth S,Schmidt-Wolf IG

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations within the 5'-non-coding region of the bcl-6 gene can occur in lymphomas that originate from germinal centers (GCs), as well as in normal memory and GC B cells. Mutations in the p53 gene occur in 50% of human cancers. Since both bcl-6 and p53 can be mutated in certain circumstances, we investigated the accum...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Yavuz AS,Monson NL,Yavuz S,Grammer AC,Longo N,Girschick HJ,Lipsky PE

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules usually present endogenous peptides at the cell surface. This is the result of a cascade of events involving various dedicated proteins like the peptide transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) and the ER chaperone tapasin. However, alternative ways ...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Grommé M,Neefjes J

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study, a novel approach for the development of a peptide-based vaccine has been tested. We investigated the possibility of replacing an all-L amino acid peptide sequence corresponding to the protective B-cell epitope hemagglutinin (HA) 91-108 from influenza HA with a retro-inverso analogue encompassing this se...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Ben-Yedidia T,Beignon AS,Partidos CD,Muller S,Arnon R

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cell surface co-stimulatory protein CD154 (CD40L) is a target for monoclonal antibody (mAb) inhibitors of T-cell mediated immune diseases. This protein, like most other members of the TNF ligand family, forms homotrimeric complexes on the cell surface and in solution, with a three-fold axis of symmetry. We find th...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Ferrant JL,Wilson CA,Benjamin CD,Hess DM,Hsu YM,Karpusas M,Roux KH,Taylor FR

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutation of microphthalmia transcription factor (MITF) results in deafness, bone loss, small eyes, and poorly pigmented eyes and skin. The primary cell types affected in MITF-deficient mice are melanocytes, osteoclasts and mast cells. A search for MITF-associated proteins, using a mast cell library that was screened w...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Nechushtan H,Razin E

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Asthma is a complex condition in which exposure to environmental antigens induces inflammatory reactions in the airway characterized by activation of mast cells and eosinophils. Mast cells are known to be the main effector cells in eliciting IgE-mediated allergic response. These cells secrete various substances that p...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Jolly PS,Rosenfeldt HM,Milstien S,Spiegel S

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mast cell function-associated antigen (MAFA) is a type II membranal glycoprotein that was first identified on the surface of rat mucosal-type mast cells of the RBL-2H3 line. A C-type lectin domain and an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) are located in the extracellular and intracellular domain...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Abramson J,Xu R,Pecht I

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mast cells have a clear-cut pathologic role in allergy, participating in a number of chronic inflammatory conditions, in helmintic parasitosis, and in some solid tumor reactions, but also in physiological situations, such as wound healing and innate immunity. Mast cells release a large number of proinflammatory, immun...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Piliponsky AM,Gleich GJ,Bar I,Levi-Schaffer F

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Peptide binding to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules is optimal at mildly acidic pH. X-ray crystal structures solved for the murine class II molecule I-E(k) revealed an interesting localization of negatively charged residues within the P6 pocket, which may have implications in the pH dependency...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Dao CT,Weber DA,Jensen PE

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chemokine effects on leukocyte infiltration into the central nervous system (CNS) are key events in the inflammatory processes of neuroimmunologic and neuroinfectious diseases. Because, chemokines may play important roles in proliferation and differentiation of brain cells and in the initiation and progression of CNS ...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Bakhiet M,Mousa A,Seiger A,Andersson J

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aberrant O-glycosylation of cell surface mucin antigens is characteristic of epithelial cancer cells. For example, Thomsen-Friedenreich disaccharide (TFD) is a chemically well-defined carbohydrate antigen with a documented link to malignancy. There have been many attempts to improve immune response to carbohydrate ant...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Irazoqui FJ,Lopez PH,Mandel U,Nores GA

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Natural killer (NK) cells express receptors that are specific for MHC class I molecules. These receptors play a crucial role in regulating the lytic and cytokine expression capabilities of NK cells. In humans, three distinct families of genes have been defined that encode for receptors of HLA class I molecules. The fi...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Borrego F,Kabat J,Kim DK,Lieto L,Maasho K,Peña J,Solana R,Coligan JE

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Large quantities of antibodies are transported into the yolk of the chicken's egg. We have identified several regions within the antibody molecule important for its uptake into the egg yolk. An intact Fc and hinge region but not the Fc-associated carbohydrate are required for transport. Our data suggest that the C(H)2...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Morrison SL,Mohammed MS,Wims LA,Trinh R,Etches R

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The potential biochemical mechanisms that mediate the 'shedding' of soluble IL-6 RI (80-kDa) receptor fragments in populations of adherent macrophages were explored. Stimulated macrophages displayed proportional increases in both the expression of membrane-associated IL-6 RI (80-kDa) and the release of soluble recepto...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Coyne CP,Howell T 3rd,Baravick J,Baravick E,Willetto C,Fenwick BW

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:N-substituted benzamides are compounds that have recently been reported to inhibit nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) activity and induce apoptosis in a pre-B cell line. In this study, we focused on the effects of N-substituted benzamides on transcriptional regulation in Jurkat T cells. We used a model system where the...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Lindgren H,Pero RW,Ivars F,Leanderson T

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute-phase protein featuring a homopentameric structure and Ca-binding specificity for phosphocholine (PCh). Expression of CRP is regulated mainly at the transcriptional level with interleukin-6 being the principal inducer of the gene during the acute phase. The crystal structure of CRP...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Volanakis JE

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The developmental regulation of antigen receptor gene transcription and recombination are mediated by cis regulatory elements. At the T cell receptor beta chain locus (TCRbeta), two DNase I hypersensitive sites within the Jbeta2-Cbeta2 intron contained binding sites for NF-kappaB and additional nuclear factors and wer...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Whitehurst CE,Hu H,Ryu CJ,Rajendran P,Schmidt T,Chen J

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The recovery of VDJ rearrangement is most often accomplished by PCR amplification of DNA extracted from mixtures of B-cells. Using this procedure in swine, VDJs containing chimeric V(H) genes that resemble gene-conversion products, are frequently encountered. To examine whether these chimeras could be the result of PC...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Sinkora M,Sun J,Butler JE

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) functions to recruit monocytes and macrophages to areas of inflammation and is a prototypic chemokine subjected to coordinate regulation by immunomodulatory agents. TNF mediated regulation of MCP-1 occurs through a distal regulatory region located 2.5 kb upstream of the t...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Kumar SN,Boss JM

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Noxiustoxin (NTX) is a short-chain toxin from the venom of the scorpion Centruroides noxius Hoffmann, whose molecular structure and physiological effects have been characterized in detail, whereas the antigenic properties of this and other K(+) channel-blocking toxins are poorly studied. A monoclonal antibody against ...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Gazarian T,Selisko B,Hérion P,Gazarian K

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of p38 MAP kinase in T cells leads to increased interferon-gamma production in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and the selective cell death of CD8+ T cells. To address the role of p38 MAP kinase activation in T cells during an in vivo immune response, we examined the response against the influenza virus in transgeni...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Conze D,Lumsden J,Enslen H,Davis RJ,Le Gros G,Rincón M

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study analyzes the gene repertoire coding for antibodies to an evolutionary novel immunogenic carbohydrate antigen in mice. The alpha-gal epitope (Gal alpha 1-3Gal beta 1-4GlcNAc-R) is an autoantigen, abundantly expressed in wild type mice, but absent in alpha 1,3galactosyltransferase knock-out (KO) mice, where i...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Chen ZC,Radic MZ,Galili U

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Individually amplified kappa cDNA molecules from single B lymphocytes revealed sequence heterogeneity and aberrantly spliced products. The nature and frequency of the base changes and their absence from similarly amplified beta2 microglobulin transcripts indicate that they were not derived by Taq polymerase misincorpo...

journal_title：Molecular immunology

authors： Jena PK,Liu AH,Smith DS,Aviszus K,Wysocki LJ

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00